The Mountain Goats are the greatest folk-punk band of all time. This website is an archive/index of set lists, banter, annotated lyrics, and other sundries. It remains perpetually under construction. It is also, especially when annotated with commentary, the opinions of one person, who is quite fallible and generally biased. You may wish to check out the excellent Annotated Mountain Goats and More Annotated Mountain Goats (hat tip for being the Best of the Internet, I stand on the shoulders of giants, etc) for a more strictly academic approach to parsing references, rather than this site's hodgepodge of banter, references, definitions, and unvarnished opinions.
Annotations alone may be found on individual album pages, indexed below. They are duplicated on individual song pages, which also contain transcribed banter related to that song, comprehensive list of performances with links to recordings (when available), and other supplemental material.
Broadly construed (includes EPs, live releases, etc), listed in reverse release order.